安装步骤

• • 清除环境(mariadb)

  [root@labln1 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
  mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
  [root@labln1 ~]# yum remove mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 -y

  • 创建用户和组

  [root@labln1 ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin
  [root@labln1 ~]# getent passwd | grep mysql
  mysql:x:1000:1000::/home/mysql:/sbin/nologin

  • 创建相关目录(数据)

  [root@labln1 local]# mkdir -p /data/mysql

  • 设置权限

  [root@labln1 local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
  [root@labln1 local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/

  • 上传并解压mysql二进制文件

  [root@labln1 local]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.36-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
  [root@labln1 local]#  tar xvzf mysql-5.7.36-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
  [root@labln1 local]# ln -s mysql-5.7.36-el7-x86_64.tar.gz mysql
  [root@labln1 local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql

  • 设置环境变量

  [root@labln1 mysql]# echo "export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile
  [root@labln1 mysql]# source /etc/pro

  • 初始化系统库表

  [root@labln1 data]# mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
  2022-01-06T16:24:41.204827Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql-8.0.18-el7-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.18) initializing of server in progress as process 2431
  2022-01-06T16:24:43.535636Z 5 [Warning] [MY-010453] [Server] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.

  • 配置文件设定

  [root@labln1 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cfg
    1 [mysqld]
    2 user=mysql
    3 basedir=/usr/local/mysql
    4 datadir=/data/mysql
    5 lc_messages_dir=/usr/local/mysql/share
    6 server_id=6
    7 port=3306
    8 socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
    9 #log_bin=/data/mysqldb/mysql-bin                    
   10 log-error=/data/mysql/db.error.log
   11 pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
   12 [mysql]
   13 socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

  • 配置启动方法一：

  [root@labln1 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
  [root@labln1 support-files]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
   46 basedir=/usr/local/mysql
   47 datadir=/data/mysql 
  [root@labln1 support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld
  [root@labln1 support-files]# chkconfig --level 23 mysqld on
  [root@labln1 ~]# lsof -i:3306
  [root@labln1 ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service
  [root@labln1 ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service 
  ● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
     Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Fri 2022-01-07 01:16:42 CST; 11s ago
       Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
    Process: 2520 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Process: 2682 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
             ├─2687 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysqldb --pid-file=/data/mysqldb...
             └─2774 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysqldb --plugin-d...
  ​
  Jan 07 01:16:41 labln1 systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...
  Jan 07 01:16:42 labln1 mysqld[2682]: Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
  Jan 07 01:16:42 labln1 systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL.
  [root@labln1 ~]# lsof -i:3306
  COMMAND  PID  USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
  mysqld  2774 mysql   29u  IPv6  28483      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)

  • 启动配置方法二：

  [root@mysql /]# cd /etc/systemd/system/
  [root@mysql system]# vim mysqld.service 
  [Unit]
  Description=MySQL Server
  Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  After=network.target
  After=syslog.target
  ​
  [Service]
  User=mysql
  Group=mysql                                                                                                                                                                
  ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cfg
  Restart=on-failure
  RestartPreventExitStatus=1
  TimeoutSec=0
  PrivateTmp=false
  LimitNOFILE=65535
  LimitNPROC=65535
  ​
  [Install]
  WantedBy=multi-user.target
  [root@mysql system]# chown mysql.msyql mysqld.service
  [root@mysql system]# systemctl start mysqld.service
  [root@mysql system]# systemctl enable mysqld.service
  Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service.

启动方式